India's Population Growth

Currently i.e., in 2020 India's population is 1.381 billion which is 17.5% of the total population of the world.

Population Explosion has become of the major causes which is affecting Indian Economy very badly. To know this very clearly, let's taken an example of two poor family. In family A there are three members including father and mother along with their son and in family B there are five members including father and mother along with their three sons. Now suppose both of family have same income. In the case of family A, if father bring something for his son, he can consume the items with much satisfaction whereas in family B, if father bring something for his sons, they have to divide the items among them and obviously, they consume the items with less satisfaction.
These problem can be seen in a large of families in India. And accordingly national population increase along with the rise of many problems.

India's Population Explosion Since the beginning of 18th Century

Since 1921, the Indian population has increased tremendously from 25.1 crores in 1921. It has already reached 100 crores in 2001. India added more people in every decade from 1921 onwards. Earlier we were said to be adding an Australian every year. During 90’s we are said to have added an Argentina, which is the fifth largest country in the world. If this trend of population growth. Continuous then incoming 30 to 40 yrs. India may even become the most populous country crossing China. It, thus, a veritable population explosion that India is facing which is more dreadful than the atomic explosion.

Though in recent two decades the rate of population growth has somewhat declined, yet what is very alarming is the huge absolute increase on the top of the very massive existing population. India has 2.4% of the world’s land area, whereas it is supporting 17.5% of the world’s population.

CAUSES OF POPULATION POPULATION EXPLOSION IN INDIA

(1) SUBSTANTIAL DROP IN DEATH RATE: By far the most important factors that were contributed to the very high growth rates population in recent year has been sudden and phenomenal fall in the death rate. But fall in the BR has been comparatively low, so the gap between BR & DR has widened leading to the increase in population.

(2) LOW STANDARD OF LIVING: another cause for the increase in population is the low standard of living in the country. It is an established fact that the poorest classes are the most fertile. Indian poverty is

(3) UNIVERSITY OF MARRIAGE: In India, marriage is universal, i.e., almost all men and women of marriageable age enter into wedlock. Little wonder then that the BR in India is much higher.

(4) PRACTICE OF EARLY MARRIAGE: Since marriage takes place early there is a longer spam for re-productivity between 15 & 20 years of age, more than 8 out of 10 girls in India are marriage whereas as the parent ages of unmarried women aged 30 in the UK and USA are 41 & 23 respectively.

(5) GRINDING POVERTY: Due to grinding poverty, a poor man welcomes future additions to his earned and supplement the family income. This also serves as an incentive for the increase of population.

(6) NO BIRTH RATE CONTROL: Until recently there had been, the complete absence of conscious farming planning in India, and the use of contraceptives had been practically unknown. There is no wonder that the population should register a raid increase.

TRENDS IN INDIA’S POPULATION GROWTH SINCE 1951

The population in India is growing at a very rapid rate. India occupies nearly 2.4% of the total land area of the world but the country has to support nearly 17.5% of the total population of the world. In 1991, the size of the population in India was 844 million and in 2001, the population of India has increased to 1027 million. The Following table shows the growth of population in India.